NEGATIVE IMPACTS IN DECISION MAKING
Introduction Decision making in K-12 education is a complex and critical process that affects millions of students, families, educators, and communities. School leaders, administrators, teachers, and policymakers are frequently faced with choices that involve balancing limited resources, educational goals, and diverse stakeholder needs. While evaluating the costs and benefits of these decisions is essential, it is equally important to consider the negative impacts that decisions may have on individuals and groups beyond the immediate school environment. These negative impacts, often unintended, can affect equity, well-being, and community cohesion. This article explores how decision makers in K-12 education can adopt a comprehensive approach to decision making that accounts for both benefits and costs—including those that fall outside the direct control or interest of the school. Understanding Costs and Benefits in K-12 Education In educational decision making, costs extend beyond simp...